![]() ![]() The Assyrians settled in the northern half of Mesopotamia. The ancient Mesopotamians evolved into three distinct cultures: Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian. Sources: Map courtesy of, cannot be republished without consent from author or AICE. Babylonia (1654 BCE - 911 BCE) Persian (518 BCE 330 BCE) Mesopotamia was the ancient region on the eastern side of the Mediterranean, todays Iraq and parts of Iran, Syria, and Turkey. ![]() Successive resettlements in Samaria were carried out by Assarhaddon and Assurbanipal (Asnappar): “Then wrote Rechum the chancellor, and Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their companions, the Dinaites, the Afarsatkhi, the Tarpelites, the Afarsi, the Arkevi, the Bavlites, the Shushankhites, the Dehites, the Elamites, and the rest of the nations whom the great and noble Asnappar brought over, and set in the city of Shomron, and in the rest of the country beyond the River, and so forth” (Ezra 4:9,10). 1365 BC and the rise of Assyria as a territorial kingdom to the death of Ashur-dan II in 912 BC. While with prehistory only approximate dates can be offered, historical periods require a firm chronological framework, which, unfortunately, has not yet been established for the first half of the 3rd millennium bce. The Middle Assyrian Empire was the third stage of Assyrian history, covering the history of Assyria from the accession of Ashur-uballit I c. There is an uncertainty concerning Sefarvayim, name that corresponds to the twin cities of Sippar in Mesopotamia, but the religious practices of those people were not Babylonian but Canaanite (2Kings 17:31), therefore it is probable that such name was applied also to Arvad and Sumur (Simyra, Sibraim) in Phoenicia. History of Mesopotamia - Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian: Despite the Sumerians’ leading role, the historical role of other races should not be underestimated. Sargon II replaced the exiled Israelites with deportees from the area of Babylonia and Aram: “The king of Ashur brought men from Bavel, and from Kutah, and from Avva, and from Chamat and Sefarvayim, and placed them in the cities of Shomron instead of the children of Israel and they possessed Shomron, and lived in the cities” (2Kings 17:24).
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